A lorenz curve compares the cumulative value of data to a perfect equality line. The data in the lorenz curve is plotted based on distribution percentages then is measured against the perfect equality line where each x and y data is equal. The map below show the cumulative income percentage as well as cummulative population percentage and compares it to the an perfect equality line that represents if the entire population has the same income.
http://content.answers.com/main/content/img/oxford/Oxford_Geography/0198606737.lorenz-curve.1.jpg
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